CATA 335 Practice
Exercises 11 McGaan
In the following arguments you must identify or
infer and write out the claim, grounds and warrant. Label the warrent by type (i.e. analogy, cause, definition,
etc.). Then identify or invent an
appropriate backing, qualifier, and reservation.
1. [gr.] Given the evidence presented
in the AAUW Report on Gender and Schools, it is clear that [cl.] public schools
educate female students less well than males.
b. AAUW researchers have advanced degrees in research methods
q. probably
r. unless the data in the report is not representative of
public schools generally.
2. The fact that [gr.] a far higher
percentage of males than females become school dropouts shows that the [cl.]
AAUW
report (mentioned above) is simply wrong.
b. according to the Dept. of Education
q. likely
r. unless dropouts are caused by disciplinary rather than
educational reasons
3. [gr.] Empirical research has
demonstrated that K-12 teachers interact more often with male than female
students. This shows that [cl.] males are the
beneficiaries of favorable treatment by the schools.
b. the typical person interacts more with those he/she likes than those he/she doesn't
q. possibily
r. unless the interaction is about disciplinary problems
4. [gr.] Surveys showing dramatic
declines in self-esteem among teenage girls [cl.] prove the schools are failing
female students.
b. research studies have shown school influences are the most important determinant of S.E.
q. probably
r. unless peer influence is the real cause of self-esteem
5.
[cl.] Plans to create gender segregated classes for grades 6 through 12 should
not be adopted. [gr.] The Areal world@ is not segregated.
b. according to leading educational researchers
q. almost certainly
r. unless gender related violence is out of control.
Last updated 9/27/2005