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Verbal Codes
Language is a shared system
of symbols that permits “sharing” meaning. Semiotics is the study of “Signs.” A sign is something that stands for (represents) something else. A sign is composed of two parts: The SIGNIFIER – the tangible portion of the
sign The SIGNIFIED – the concept or idea represented Types of Signs 1.
Icon - the relation between
the signifier and the signified is resemblance 2.
Index - the relation between
the signifier and the signified is “point toward,” associated with 3.
symbol - the relation between
the signifier and the signified is arbitrary Other Semiotic terms:
semantics - The relationship of signs or symbols to their meanings, syntactics - The relationship and arrangement of signs or symbols to each other (e.g. grammar) pragmatics - the relationship of signs to their users and their behavior denotation - the literal or dictionary meaning of a word
connotation
Levels of language use (Rules Theory) 1.
Speech Act – an
uninterupted message 2.
Episode - a series of
speech acts all following the same set of “rules” 3.
Relationship - the sum
of all episodes that can occur between two (or more) people 4.
Life Script - an
individual’s general approach to relationships and episodes over time 5. Cultural Pattern - kind, frequency and range of episodes and relationships available to people within a culture.
1.
To Influence a.
alter perception (create
boundaries) – Language affects the way we see the world. b.
connect events and
objects (name and transmit patterns) – Language is a kind of knowledge 2.
To Relate a.
create self from others
- Note connections to language in the chapter on perception and identity b.
social coordination
(predict others minds and actions) •
Language makes us human!! |
Last updated 10/20/2010