CLAS224 Word Elements
Monmouth College Monmouth, Illinois
Instructor: Thomas J. Sienkewicz (toms@monm.edu)

UNIT EXAM ON LATIN ELEMENTS

A summary of the format for this exam is available here.

Part I Linguistic Terms (15%)
For this section of the test you should know the terms in the following lists: Important Terms in Lederer's Word Circus / Important Terms in Ayers / Latin Words in Ayers / Latin Phrases in Ayers All four of these sheets will be included with the test. You will provide the correct answer from these sheets.

_______________1. A word adopted from another language and completely or partially naturalized, as very or hors d'oeuvre, both from French.
_______________2. A family of languages consisting of most of the languages of Europe as well as those of Iran, the Indian subcontinent, and other parts of Asia.
_______________3. An element which provides the essential meaning of a word.
_______________4. During his reign (871-899) the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles were compiled and helped establish the Wessex dialect as the dominant form of English.
_______________5. The practice of substituting a less direct phrase for a more direct term.
_______________6. At this stage English has become heavily influenced by French and Latin.
_______________7. Deals with speech sounds and their production, combination, description and representation by written symbols.
_______________8. Argues that dictionaries should not attempt to dictate what people should and should not say or write; rather a dictionary should provide an account of the way a word is actually used.
_______________9. A word formed from the initial letter (or letters) of other words, such as NATO from the "North Atlantic Treaty Organization."
______________10. The attempt to make unfamiliar words resemble better-known words to which they are erroneously thought to be related, as "female" from "male."
______________11. Used in dictionaries to indicate that a particular definition applies only to specific subjects, professions, geographic regions, or speech contexts; e.g, slang.
______________12. A form of phonetic change in which certain sounds blend together into neighboring sounds, to which they become identical or similar.
______________13. A word produced by combining two words so that only a part of each remains, as brunch from "breakfast" and "lunch."
______________14 A process whereby the meaning of an overused word becomes less forceful and vivid, as awful from "full of awe."
______________15. The creation of one word from another by the clipping off of a suffix.

Part II MONSTER GRID (60%)

For this section you should know all the elements in the Latin half of Ayers. There is a complete list of these Latin prefixes, bases and suffixes in Ayers, pp. 149-155.

ELEMENT MEANING DERIVATIVE

NIHIL-

-(u)lent, -(o)lent

GEN-, GENER-

QUADR(U)-

PEND-, PENS-

TEN-, (TIN-), TENT-, [TAIN-]

VEN-, VENT-, [VENU-]

-al (-ial, -eal)

CANT-, (CENT-),[CHANT-]

TRI-

ante-

TEND-, TENT, TENS-

SENT-, SENS-

intra-, intro-

PLE-, PLET-,

pre-

SAT(IS)-

retro-

SCRIB-, SCRIPT-

-esce

infra-

VER-

-ory (-orium)

-ary

SAL-, (SIL-), SALT-, SULT

PLEN-

MUT-

-ile

-ity (-ety, -ty)

DUR-

Part III Word Analysis (25%)

For this sections you should be able to analyze any of the italicized words in all the Exercise III's of the Latin half of Ayers. There is a complete list of these italicized words in Ayers, pp. 143-147.

Directions: Analyze TEN (10) of the following words. Be sure to include an etymological definition for each.

FORTITUDE
INCISIVE
COMPLEMENT
REQUISITION
DISSONANCE
CONSISTENCY
IGNOMINIOUS
PERPETUATE
OBVIATE
INCOHERENT
ANIMOSITY
PRETENTIOUS
EXPEDIENT
VOCIFERATION

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